Fallacy fallacy: You presumed that because a claim has been poorly argued, or a fallacy has been made, that the claim itself must be wrong.Ĭonsider the following fallacies carefully.No true Scotsman: You made what could be called an appeal to purity as a way to dismiss relevant criticisms or flows of your argument.Appeal to authority: You said that because an authority thinks something, therefore it must be true.Appeal to emotion: You attempted to manipulate an emotional response in place of valid or compelling argument.Tu quoque: You avoided having to engage with criticism by turning it back on the accuser.ad populum): You appealed to popularity or the fact that many people do something as an attempted form of validation. Politicians do this frequently (among many logical fallacies, of course). personal attack: You attacked your opponent’s character or personal traits in an attempt to undermine their argument. False dilemma, False dichotomoy): You presented two alternative states as the only possibilities, when in fact more possibilities exist (the "grey area")
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